Health and Exercise

If you’ve been learning a little about water filters because you’re convinced of the benefits of drinking clean purified water you will have come across “charcoal water filters” or “carbon water filters” or “activated carbon water filters”. What are these?

A charcoal water filter is a water filter that uses charcoal for the filter process to remove the impurities. Charcoal is carbon that has been created by heating organic material in the absence of oxygen. The good ones are derived from coconut husks.

There are various properties to carbon, and the one that is important for the purposed of water purification is that it is extremely porous, having huge numbers of tiny holes. This allows the water and it’s contaminants to pass through the holes and come into contact with the carbon. The contaminants are chemically attracted to the carbon and so are “absorbed” by it, and don’t pass through.

What then, is activated carbon? Activated carbon is charcoal that has been treated with oxygen in the manufacturing process to result in a much higher percentage of pores. In other words it is more porous than ordinary charcoal. The best charcoal water filters use activated carbon.

It’s so porous that it can have up to 20000 square yards of surface area for each ounce of carbon, and that’s really porous.

And as a carbon filter absorbs the contaminants and holds them in the carbon material they gradually fill up and need to be replaced.

There is no doubt that an AC filter works extremely well, however any water purification system that relies solely on AC for it’s filtration has some drawbacks. The AC filters some, but not all, contaminants. So the best water filters need to be a multi stage filter utilizing a second filtration process.

For instance in the best water filters, there is a 2 stage filtration process. The second stage is used to filter those contaminants not removed by the first, like lead. This is achieved by an ion exchange process where the lead ions are replaced by potassium ions. Potassium is a mineral that occurs naturally in water and is not harmful.

And the second stage of the best water filters removes tiny organisms that remain in the water after stage 1 like giardia and cryptosporidium through the use of an extremely fine filtration process. These are the most dangerous water contaminants.

There you have the basics of water filtration by use of carbon, or what is known as charcoal water filters, or activated carbon water filters. The activated carbon is not 100% successful in removing all contaminants, but when used in a 2 stage process designed to remove the contaminants that are left behind by the AC filter, it works exceedingly well. You should expect around 99% of lead to be removed, for example.

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